mirror of
https://github.com/andatoshiki/toshiki-notebook.git
synced 2026-06-06 09:16:45 +00:00
71 lines
85 KiB
JavaScript
71 lines
85 KiB
JavaScript
import{_ as t}from"./chunks/PageInfo.vue_vue_type_script_setup_true_lang.250b3e56.js";import{_ as n,o as m,c as e,H as i,k as s,a}from"./chunks/framework.b7580407.js";import"./chunks/commonjsHelpers.725317a4.js";const I=JSON.parse('{"title":"Formulas for IPhO 日本語版: Section 5","description":"","frontmatter":{},"headers":[],"relativePath":"academic/physics/ipho-formulas-jpn/5.md","filePath":"academic/physics/ipho-formulas-jpn/5.md","lastUpdated":1713294645000}'),p={name:"academic/physics/ipho-formulas-jpn/5.md"},c=s("h1",{id:"formulas-for-ipho-日本語版-section-5",tabindex:"-1"},[a("Formulas for IPhO 日本語版: Section 5 "),s("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#formulas-for-ipho-日本語版-section-5","aria-label":'Permalink to "Formulas for IPhO 日本語版: Section 5"'},"")],-1),r=s("h2",{id:"_5-振動と波",tabindex:"-1"},[a("5. 振動と波 "),s("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#_5-振動と波","aria-label":'Permalink to "5. 振動と波"'},"")],-1),h=s("h3",{id:"_5-1-減衰振動",tabindex:"-1"},[a("5.1: 減衰振動 "),s("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#_5-1-減衰振動","aria-label":'Permalink to "5.1: 減衰振動"'},"")],-1),g=s("ol",null,[s("li",null,[a("減衰振動："),s("p",{class:"katex-block"},[s("span",{class:"katex-display"},[s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML",display:"block"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("mover",{accent:"true"},[s("mi",null,"x"),s("mo",null,"¨")]),s("mo",null,"+"),s("mn",null,"2"),s("mi",null,"γ"),s("mover",{accent:"true"},[s("mi",null,"x"),s("mo",null,"˙")]),s("mo",null,"+"),s("msubsup",null,[s("mi",null,"ω"),s("mn",null,"0"),s("mn",null,"2")]),s("mi",null,"x"),s("mo",null,"="),s("mn",null,"0"),s("mo",{stretchy:"false"},"("),s("mi",null,"γ"),s("mo",null,"<"),s("mi",null,"ω"),s("mo",{stretchy:"false"},")")]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"\\ddot{x}+2 \\gamma \\dot{x}+\\omega_0^2 x=0(\\gamma<\\omega) ")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.7512em","vertical-align":"-0.0833em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord accent"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.6679em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-3em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"x")]),s("span",{style:{top:"-3em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3em"}}),s("span",{class:"accent-body",style:{left:"-0.2222em"}},[s("span",{class:"mord"},"¨")])])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2222em"}}),s("span",{class:"mbin"},"+"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2222em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.8623em","vertical-align":"-0.1944em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},"2"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.05556em"}},"γ"),s("span",{class:"mord accent"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.6679em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-3em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"x")]),s("span",{style:{top:"-3em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3em"}}),s("span",{class:"accent-body",style:{left:"-0.1111em"}},[s("span",{class:"mord"},"˙")])])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2222em"}}),s("span",{class:"mbin"},"+"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2222em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"1.1111em","vertical-align":"-0.247em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.03588em"}},"ω"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.8641em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.453em","margin-left":"-0.0359em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},"0")])]),s("span",{style:{top:"-3.113em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},"2")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.247em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"x"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mrel"},"="),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"1em","vertical-align":"-0.25em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},"0"),s("span",{class:"mopen"},"("),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.05556em"}},"γ"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mrel"},"<"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"1em","vertical-align":"-0.25em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.03588em"}},"ω"),s("span",{class:"mclose"},")")])])])])]),a(" この方程式の解は ((Section 1: #3)[1#_1-3-定数係数線形微分方程式] 参照) :"),s("p",{class:"katex-block"},[s("span",{class:"katex-display"},[s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML",display:"block"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"x"),s("mo",null,"="),s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"x"),s("mn",null,"0")]),s("msup",null,[s("mi",null,"e"),s("mrow",null,[s("mo",null,"−"),s("mi",null,"γ"),s("mi",null,"t")])]),s("mi",null,"sin"),s("mo",null,""),s("mrow",null,[s("mo",{fence:"true"},"("),s("mi",null,"t"),s("msqrt",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("msubsup",null,[s("mi",null,"ω"),s("mn",null,"0"),s("mn",null,"2")]),s("mo",null,"−"),s("msup",null,[s("mi",null,"γ"),s("mn",null,"2")])])]),s("mo",null,"−"),s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"φ"),s("mn",null,"0")]),s("mo",{fence:"true"},")")])]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"x=x_0 e^{-\\gamma t} \\sin \\left(t \\sqrt{\\omega_0^2-\\gamma^2}-\\varphi_0\\right) ")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.4306em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"x"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mrel"},"="),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"2.4em","vertical-align":"-0.95em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"x"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3011em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"0em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},"0")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.15em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"e"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.8436em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-3.113em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},"−"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight",style:{"margin-right":"0.05556em"}},"γ"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"t")])])])])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.1667em"}}),s("span",{class:"mop"},"sin"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.1667em"}}),s("span",{class:"minner"},[s("span",{class:"mopen delimcenter",style:{top:"0em"}},[s("span",{class:"delimsizing size3"},"(")]),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"t"),s("span",{class:"mord sqrt"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"1.2987em"}},[s("span",{class:"svg-align",style:{top:"-3.8em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3.8em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord",style:{"padding-left":"1em"}},[s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.03588em"}},"ω"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.7959em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.4337em","margin-left":"-0.0359em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},"0")])]),s("span",{style:{top:"-3.0448em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},"2")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.2663em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2222em"}}),s("span",{class:"mbin"},"−"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2222em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.05556em"}},"γ"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.7401em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.989em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},"2")])])])])])])])])]),s("span",{style:{top:"-3.2587em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3.8em"}}),s("span",{class:"hide-tail",style:{"min-width":"1.02em",height:"1.88em"}},[s("svg",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg",width:"400em",height:"1.88em",viewBox:"0 0 400000 1944",preserveAspectRatio:"xMinYMin slice"},[s("path",{d:`M983 90
|
||
l0 -0
|
||
c4,-6.7,10,-10,18,-10 H400000v40
|
||
H1013.1s-83.4,268,-264.1,840c-180.7,572,-277,876.3,-289,913c-4.7,4.7,-12.7,7,-24,7
|
||
s-12,0,-12,0c-1.3,-3.3,-3.7,-11.7,-7,-25c-35.3,-125.3,-106.7,-373.3,-214,-744
|
||
c-10,12,-21,25,-33,39s-32,39,-32,39c-6,-5.3,-15,-14,-27,-26s25,-30,25,-30
|
||
c26.7,-32.7,52,-63,76,-91s52,-60,52,-60s208,722,208,722
|
||
c56,-175.3,126.3,-397.3,211,-666c84.7,-268.7,153.8,-488.2,207.5,-658.5
|
||
c53.7,-170.3,84.5,-266.8,92.5,-289.5z
|
||
M1001 80h400000v40h-400000z`})])])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.5413em"}},[s("span")])])])]),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2222em"}}),s("span",{class:"mbin"},"−"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2222em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"φ"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3011em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"0em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},"0")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.15em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mclose delimcenter",style:{top:"0em"}},[s("span",{class:"delimsizing size3"},")")])])])])])])])])],-1),o=s("h3",{id:"_5-2-連成振動の式",tabindex:"-1"},[a("5.2: 連成振動の式 "),s("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#_5-2-連成振動の式","aria-label":'Permalink to "5.2: 連成振動の式"'},"")],-1),u=s("ol",{start:"2"},[s("li",null,[a("連成振動の式 : "),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("msub",null,[s("mover",{accent:"true"},[s("mi",null,"x"),s("mo",null,"¨")]),s("mi",null,"i")]),s("mo",null,"="),s("msub",null,[s("mo",null,"∑"),s("mi",null,"j")]),s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"a"),s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"i"),s("mi",null,"j")])]),s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"x"),s("mi",null,"j")])]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"\\ddot{x}_i=\\sum_j a_{i j} x_j")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.8179em","vertical-align":"-0.15em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord accent"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.6679em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-3em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"x")]),s("span",{style:{top:"-3em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3em"}}),s("span",{class:"accent-body",style:{left:"-0.2222em"}},[s("span",{class:"mord"},"¨")])])])])])]),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3117em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"0em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"i")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.15em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mrel"},"="),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"1.1858em","vertical-align":"-0.4358em"}}),s("span",{class:"mop"},[s("span",{class:"mop op-symbol small-op",style:{position:"relative",top:"0em"}},"∑"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.162em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.4003em","margin-left":"0em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight",style:{"margin-right":"0.05724em"}},"j")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.4358em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.1667em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"a"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3117em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"0em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight",style:{"margin-right":"0.05724em"}},"ij")])])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.2861em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"x"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3117em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"0em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight",style:{"margin-right":"0.05724em"}},"j")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.2861em"}},[s("span")])])])])])])])])])],-1),d=s("h3",{id:"_5-3-連成振動の系",tabindex:"-1"},[a("5.3: 連成振動の系 "),s("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#_5-3-連成振動の系","aria-label":'Permalink to "5.3: 連成振動の系"'},"")],-1),y=s("ol",{start:"3"},[s("li",null,[s("p",null,[s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"N")]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"N")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.6833em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.10903em"}},"N")])])]),a(" 個の連成振動の系は, すべての振動子が同じ振動数 "),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"ω"),s("mi",null,"i")])]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"\\omega_i")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.5806em","vertical-align":"-0.15em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.03588em"}},"ω"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3117em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"-0.0359em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"i")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.15em"}},[s("span")])])])])])])])]),a(" で "),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"x"),s("mi",null,"j")]),s("mo",null,"="),s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"x"),s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"j"),s("mn",null,"0")])]),s("mi",null,"sin"),s("mo",null,""),s("mrow",null,[s("mo",{fence:"true"},"("),s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"ω"),s("mi",null,"i")]),s("mi",null,"t"),s("mo",null,"+"),s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"φ"),s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"i"),s("mi",null,"j")])]),s("mo",{fence:"true"},")")])]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"x_j=x_{j 0} \\sin \\left(\\omega_i t+\\varphi_{i j}\\right)")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.7167em","vertical-align":"-0.2861em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"x"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3117em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"0em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight",style:{"margin-right":"0.05724em"}},"j")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.2861em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mrel"},"="),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"1.0361em","vertical-align":"-0.2861em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"x"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3117em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"0em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight",style:{"margin-right":"0.05724em"}},"j"),s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},"0")])])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.2861em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.1667em"}}),s("span",{class:"mop"},"sin"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.1667em"}}),s("span",{class:"minner"},[s("span",{class:"mopen delimcenter",style:{top:"0em"}},"("),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.03588em"}},"ω"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3117em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"-0.0359em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"i")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.15em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"t"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2222em"}}),s("span",{class:"mbin"},"+"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2222em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"φ"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3117em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"0em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight",style:{"margin-right":"0.05724em"}},"ij")])])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.2861em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mclose delimcenter",style:{top:"0em"}},")")])])])]),a(" のように振動するとい う固有モードを "),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"N")]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"N")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.6833em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.10903em"}},"N")])])]),a(" 個持つ. 固有振動数 "),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"ω"),s("mi",null,"i")]),s("mtext",null,"も"),s("mi",null,"N")]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"\\omega_i も N")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.8333em","vertical-align":"-0.15em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.03588em"}},"ω"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3117em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"-0.0359em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"i")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.15em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mord cjk_fallback"},"も"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.10903em"}},"N")])])]),a(" 個持 つ (一致するかもしれない, "),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"ω"),s("mi",null,"i")]),s("mo",null,"="),s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"ω"),s("mi",null,"j")])]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"\\omega_i=\\omega_j")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.5806em","vertical-align":"-0.15em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.03588em"}},"ω"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3117em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"-0.0359em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"i")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.15em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mrel"},"="),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.7167em","vertical-align":"-0.2861em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.03588em"}},"ω"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3117em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"-0.0359em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight",style:{"margin-right":"0.05724em"}},"j")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.2861em"}},[s("span")])])])])])])])]),a(" ). 一般解 "),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("mo",{stretchy:"false"},"("),s("mn",null,"2"),s("mi",null,"N")]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"(2 N")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"1em","vertical-align":"-0.25em"}}),s("span",{class:"mopen"},"("),s("span",{class:"mord"},"2"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.10903em"}},"N")])])]),a(" 個の積分定数 "),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"X"),s("mi",null,"i")]),s("mo",{separator:"true"},","),s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"ϕ"),s("mi",null,"i")])]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"X_i, \\phi_i")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.8889em","vertical-align":"-0.1944em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.07847em"}},"X"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3117em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"-0.0785em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"i")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.15em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mpunct"},","),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.1667em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"ϕ"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3117em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"0em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"i")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.15em"}},[s("span")])])])])])])])]),a(" を持つ) は全ての固有振動の重ね 合わせ :")]),s("p",{class:"katex-block"},[s("span",{class:"katex-display"},[s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML",display:"block"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"x"),s("mi",null,"j")]),s("mo",null,"="),s("munder",null,[s("mo",null,"∑"),s("mi",null,"i")]),s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"X"),s("mi",null,"i")]),s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"x"),s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"j"),s("mn",null,"0")])]),s("mi",null,"sin"),s("mo",null,""),s("mrow",null,[s("mo",{fence:"true"},"("),s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"ω"),s("mi",null,"i")]),s("mi",null,"t"),s("mo",null,"+"),s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"φ"),s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"i"),s("mi",null,"j")])]),s("mo",null,"+"),s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"ϕ"),s("mi",null,"i")]),s("mo",{fence:"true"},")")])]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"x_j=\\sum_i X_i x_{j 0} \\sin \\left(\\omega_i t+\\varphi_{i j}+\\phi_i\\right) ")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.7167em","vertical-align":"-0.2861em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"x"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3117em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"0em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight",style:{"margin-right":"0.05724em"}},"j")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.2861em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mrel"},"="),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"2.3277em","vertical-align":"-1.2777em"}}),s("span",{class:"mop op-limits"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"1.05em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-1.8723em","margin-left":"0em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3.05em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"i")])]),s("span",{style:{top:"-3.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3.05em"}}),s("span",null,[s("span",{class:"mop op-symbol large-op"},"∑")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"1.2777em"}},[s("span")])])])]),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.1667em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.07847em"}},"X"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3117em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"-0.0785em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"i")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.15em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"x"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3117em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"0em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight",style:{"margin-right":"0.05724em"}},"j"),s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},"0")])])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.2861em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.1667em"}}),s("span",{class:"mop"},"sin"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.1667em"}}),s("span",{class:"minner"},[s("span",{class:"mopen delimcenter",style:{top:"0em"}},"("),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.03588em"}},"ω"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3117em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"-0.0359em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"i")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.15em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"t"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2222em"}}),s("span",{class:"mbin"},"+"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2222em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"φ"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3117em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"0em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight",style:{"margin-right":"0.05724em"}},"ij")])])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.2861em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2222em"}}),s("span",{class:"mbin"},"+"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2222em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"ϕ"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3117em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"0em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"i")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.15em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mclose delimcenter",style:{top:"0em"}},")")])])])])])])])],-1),v=s("h3",{id:"_5-4-一般化座標",tabindex:"-1"},[a("5.4: 一般化座標 "),s("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#_5-4-一般化座標","aria-label":'Permalink to "5.4: 一般化座標"'},"")],-1),x=s("ol",{start:"4"},[s("li",null,[a("一般化座標 "),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"ξ")]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"\\xi")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.8889em","vertical-align":"-0.1944em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.04601em"}},"ξ")])])]),a(" ((Section 4: #4)[4#_4-4-一般化座標] 参照) で表され "),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"K"),s("mo",null,"="),s("mi",null,"μ"),s("msup",null,[s("mover",{accent:"true"},[s("mi",null,"ξ"),s("mo",null,"˙")]),s("mn",null,"2")]),s("mi",{mathvariant:"normal"},"/"),s("mn",null,"2")]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"K=\\mu \\dot{\\xi}^2 / 2")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.6833em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.07153em"}},"K"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mrel"},"="),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"1.1813em","vertical-align":"-0.25em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"μ"),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord accent"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.9313em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-3em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.04601em"}},"ξ")]),s("span",{style:{top:"-3.2634em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3em"}}),s("span",{class:"accent-body",style:{left:"-0.0278em"}},[s("span",{class:"mord"},"˙")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.1944em"}},[s("span")])])])]),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.8141em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-3.063em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},"2")])])])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mord"},"/2")])])]),a(" である系は, "),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"ξ"),s("mo",null,"="),s("mn",null,"0")]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"\\xi=0")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.8889em","vertical-align":"-0.1944em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.04601em"}},"ξ"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mrel"},"="),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.6444em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},"0")])])]),a(" の点で平衡. 小さな振動につ いて "),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"U"),s("mo",{stretchy:"false"},"("),s("mi",null,"ξ"),s("mo",{stretchy:"false"},")"),s("mo",null,"≈"),s("mi",null,"κ"),s("msup",null,[s("mi",null,"ξ"),s("mn",null,"2")]),s("mi",{mathvariant:"normal"},"/"),s("mn",null,"2")]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"U(\\xi) \\approx \\kappa \\xi^2 / 2")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"1em","vertical-align":"-0.25em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.10903em"}},"U"),s("span",{class:"mopen"},"("),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.04601em"}},"ξ"),s("span",{class:"mclose"},")"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mrel"},"≈"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"1.0641em","vertical-align":"-0.25em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"κ"),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.04601em"}},"ξ"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.8141em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-3.063em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},"2")])])])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mord"},"/2")])])]),a(" (ここで "),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"κ"),s("mo",null,"="),s("msup",null,[s("mi",null,"U"),s("mrow",null,[s("mo",{mathvariant:"normal"},"′"),s("mo",{mathvariant:"normal"},"′")])]),s("mo",{stretchy:"false"},"("),s("mn",null,"0"),s("mo",{stretchy:"false"},")"),s("mo",{fence:"true"},")")]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"\\left.\\kappa=U^{\\prime \\prime}(0)\\right)")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"1.0019em","vertical-align":"-0.25em"}}),s("span",{class:"minner"},[s("span",{class:"mopen nulldelimiter"}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"κ"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mrel"},"="),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.10903em"}},"U"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.7519em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-3.063em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},"′′")])])])])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mopen"},"("),s("span",{class:"mord"},"0"),s("span",{class:"mclose"},")"),s("span",{class:"mclose delimcenter",style:{top:"0em"}},")")])])])]),a(" であり "),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("msup",null,[s("mi",null,"ω"),s("mn",null,"2")]),s("mo",null,"="),s("mi",null,"κ"),s("mi",{mathvariant:"normal"},"/"),s("mi",null,"μ")]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"\\omega^2=\\kappa / \\mu")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.8141em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.03588em"}},"ω"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.8141em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-3.063em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},"2")])])])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mrel"},"="),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"1em","vertical-align":"-0.25em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"κ"),s("span",{class:"mord"},"/"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"μ")])])]),a(".")])],-1),w=s("h3",{id:"_5-5-波の位相",tabindex:"-1"},[a("5.5: 波の位相 "),s("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#_5-5-波の位相","aria-label":'Permalink to "5.5: 波の位相"'},"")],-1),b=s("ol",{start:"5"},[s("li",null,[s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"x"),s("mo",{separator:"true"},","),s("mi",null,"t")]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"x, t")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.8095em","vertical-align":"-0.1944em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"x"),s("span",{class:"mpunct"},","),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.1667em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"t")])])]),a(" での波の位相は "),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"φ"),s("mo",null,"="),s("mi",null,"k"),s("mi",null,"x"),s("mo",null,"−"),s("mi",null,"ω"),s("mi",null,"t"),s("mo",null,"+"),s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"φ"),s("mn",null,"0")])]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"\\varphi=k x-\\omega t+\\varphi_0")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.625em","vertical-align":"-0.1944em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"φ"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mrel"},"="),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.7778em","vertical-align":"-0.0833em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.03148em"}},"k"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"x"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2222em"}}),s("span",{class:"mbin"},"−"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2222em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.6984em","vertical-align":"-0.0833em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.03588em"}},"ω"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"t"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2222em"}}),s("span",{class:"mbin"},"+"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2222em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.625em","vertical-align":"-0.1944em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"φ"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3011em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"0em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},"0")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.15em"}},[s("span")])])])])])])])]),a(" で, "),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"k"),s("mo",null,"="),s("mn",null,"2"),s("mi",null,"π"),s("mi",{mathvariant:"normal"},"/"),s("mi",null,"λ")]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"k=2 \\pi / \\lambda")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.6944em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.03148em"}},"k"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mrel"},"="),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"1em","vertical-align":"-0.25em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},"2"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.03588em"}},"π"),s("span",{class:"mord"},"/"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"λ")])])]),a(" は波数. "),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"x"),s("mo",{separator:"true"},","),s("mi",null,"t")]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"x, t")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.8095em","vertical-align":"-0.1944em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"x"),s("span",{class:"mpunct"},","),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.1667em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"t")])])]),a(" での值は "),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"a"),s("mn",null,"0")]),s("mi",null,"cos"),s("mo",null,""),s("mi",null,"φ"),s("mo",null,"="),s("mi",{mathvariant:"normal"},"Re"),s("mo",null,""),s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"a"),s("mn",null,"0")]),s("msup",null,[s("mi",null,"e"),s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"i"),s("mi",null,"φ")])])]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"a_0 \\cos \\varphi=\\operatorname{Re} a_0 e^{i \\varphi}")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.625em","vertical-align":"-0.1944em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"a"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3011em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"0em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},"0")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.15em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.1667em"}}),s("span",{class:"mop"},"cos"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.1667em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"φ"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mrel"},"="),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.9747em","vertical-align":"-0.15em"}}),s("span",{class:"mop"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathrm"},"Re")]),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.1667em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"a"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3011em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"0em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},"0")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.15em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"e"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.8247em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-3.063em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"i"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"φ")])])])])])])])])])])]),a(". 位相速 度は "),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"v"),s("mi",null,"f")]),s("mo",null,"="),s("mi",null,"ν"),s("mi",null,"λ"),s("mo",null,"="),s("mi",null,"ω"),s("mi",{mathvariant:"normal"},"/"),s("mi",null,"k")]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"v_f=\\nu \\lambda=\\omega / k")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.7167em","vertical-align":"-0.2861em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.03588em"}},"v"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3361em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"-0.0359em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight",style:{"margin-right":"0.10764em"}},"f")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.2861em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mrel"},"="),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.6944em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.06366em"}},"ν"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"λ"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mrel"},"="),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"1em","vertical-align":"-0.25em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.03588em"}},"ω"),s("span",{class:"mord"},"/"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.03148em"}},"k")])])]),a(" で， 群速度は "),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"v"),s("mi",null,"g")]),s("mo",null,"="),s("mi",{mathvariant:"normal"},"d"),s("mi",null,"ω"),s("mi",{mathvariant:"normal"},"/"),s("mi",{mathvariant:"normal"},"d"),s("mi",null,"k")]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"v_g=\\mathrm{d} \\omega / \\mathrm{d} k")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.7167em","vertical-align":"-0.2861em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.03588em"}},"v"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.1514em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"-0.0359em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight",style:{"margin-right":"0.03588em"}},"g")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.2861em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mrel"},"="),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"1em","vertical-align":"-0.25em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathrm"},"d"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.03588em"}},"ω"),s("span",{class:"mord"},"/"),s("span",{class:"mord mathrm"},"d"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.03148em"}},"k")])])]),a(".")])],-1),z=s("h3",{id:"_5-6-線形波",tabindex:"-1"},[a("5.6: 線形波 "),s("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#_5-6-線形波","aria-label":'Permalink to "5.6: 線形波"'},"")],-1),k=s("ol",{start:"6"},[s("li",null,[s("p",null,"線形波（電磁波, 小振幅の音波や水面波）の場合, どん なパルス波も正弦波の重ね合わせとして表せる. 定常 波は 2 つの逆向きに進む同じ波の合成 :"),s("p",{class:"katex-block"},[s("span",{class:"katex-display"},[s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML",display:"block"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("msup",null,[s("mi",null,"e"),s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"i"),s("mo",{stretchy:"false"},"("),s("mi",null,"k"),s("mi",null,"x"),s("mo",null,"−"),s("mi",null,"ω"),s("mi",null,"t"),s("mo",{stretchy:"false"},")")])]),s("mo",null,"+"),s("msup",null,[s("mi",null,"e"),s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"i"),s("mo",{stretchy:"false"},"("),s("mo",null,"−"),s("mi",null,"k"),s("mi",null,"x"),s("mo",null,"−"),s("mi",null,"ω"),s("mi",null,"t"),s("mo",{stretchy:"false"},")")])]),s("mo",null,"="),s("mn",null,"2"),s("msup",null,[s("mi",null,"e"),s("mrow",null,[s("mo",null,"−"),s("mi",null,"i"),s("mi",null,"ω"),s("mi",null,"t")])]),s("mi",null,"cos"),s("mo",null,""),s("mi",null,"k"),s("mi",null,"t")]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"e^{i(k x-\\omega t)}+e^{i(-k x-\\omega t)}=2 e^{-i \\omega t} \\cos k t ")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"1.0213em","vertical-align":"-0.0833em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"e"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.938em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-3.113em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"i"),s("span",{class:"mopen mtight"},"("),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight",style:{"margin-right":"0.03148em"}},"k"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"x"),s("span",{class:"mbin mtight"},"−"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight",style:{"margin-right":"0.03588em"}},"ω"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"t"),s("span",{class:"mclose mtight"},")")])])])])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2222em"}}),s("span",{class:"mbin"},"+"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2222em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.938em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"e"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.938em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-3.113em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"i"),s("span",{class:"mopen mtight"},"("),s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},"−"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight",style:{"margin-right":"0.03148em"}},"k"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"x"),s("span",{class:"mbin mtight"},"−"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight",style:{"margin-right":"0.03588em"}},"ω"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"t"),s("span",{class:"mclose mtight"},")")])])])])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mrel"},"="),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.8747em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},"2"),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"e"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.8747em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-3.113em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},"−"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight",style:{"margin-right":"0.03588em"}},"iω"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"t")])])])])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.1667em"}}),s("span",{class:"mop"},"cos"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.1667em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.03148em"}},"k"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"t")])])])])])])],-1),_=s("h3",{id:"_5-7-気体中の音速",tabindex:"-1"},[a("5.7: 気体中の音速 "),s("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#_5-7-気体中の音速","aria-label":'Permalink to "5.7: 気体中の音速"'},"")],-1),M=s("ol",{start:"7"},[s("li",null,[s("p",null,"気体中の音速 :"),s("p",{class:"katex-block"},[s("span",{class:"katex-display"},[s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML",display:"block"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"c"),s("mi",null,"s")]),s("mo",null,"="),s("msqrt",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("mo",{stretchy:"false"},"("),s("mi",{mathvariant:"normal"},"∂"),s("mi",null,"p"),s("mi",{mathvariant:"normal"},"/"),s("mi",{mathvariant:"normal"},"∂"),s("mi",null,"ρ"),s("msub",null,[s("mo",{stretchy:"false"},")"),s("mtext",null,"断熱 ")])])]),s("mo",null,"="),s("msqrt",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"γ"),s("mi",null,"p"),s("mi",{mathvariant:"normal"},"/"),s("mi",null,"ρ")])]),s("mo",null,"="),s("msqrt",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"γ"),s("mover",{accent:"true"},[s("msup",null,[s("mi",null,"v"),s("mn",null,"2")]),s("mo",{stretchy:"true"},"‾")]),s("mi",{mathvariant:"normal"},"/"),s("mn",null,"3")])])]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"c_s=\\sqrt{(\\partial p / \\partial \\rho)_{\\text {断熱 }}}=\\sqrt{\\gamma p / \\rho}=\\sqrt{\\gamma \\overline{v^2} / 3} ")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.5806em","vertical-align":"-0.15em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"c"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.1514em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"0em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"s")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.15em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mrel"},"="),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"1.24em","vertical-align":"-0.2561em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord sqrt"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.9839em"}},[s("span",{class:"svg-align",style:{top:"-3.2em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3.2em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord",style:{"padding-left":"1em"}},[s("span",{class:"mopen"},"("),s("span",{class:"mord",style:{"margin-right":"0.05556em"}},"∂"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"p"),s("span",{class:"mord"},"/"),s("span",{class:"mord",style:{"margin-right":"0.05556em"}},"∂"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"ρ"),s("span",{class:"mclose"},[s("span",{class:"mclose"},")"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3283em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"0em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord text mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord cjk_fallback mtight"},"断熱"),s("span",{class:"mord mtight"}," ")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.15em"}},[s("span")])])])])])])]),s("span",{style:{top:"-2.9439em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3.2em"}}),s("span",{class:"hide-tail",style:{"min-width":"1.02em",height:"1.28em"}},[s("svg",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg",width:"400em",height:"1.28em",viewBox:"0 0 400000 1296",preserveAspectRatio:"xMinYMin slice"},[s("path",{d:`M263,681c0.7,0,18,39.7,52,119
|
||
c34,79.3,68.167,158.7,102.5,238c34.3,79.3,51.8,119.3,52.5,120
|
||
c340,-704.7,510.7,-1060.3,512,-1067
|
||
l0 -0
|
||
c4.7,-7.3,11,-11,19,-11
|
||
H40000v40H1012.3
|
||
s-271.3,567,-271.3,567c-38.7,80.7,-84,175,-136,283c-52,108,-89.167,185.3,-111.5,232
|
||
c-22.3,46.7,-33.8,70.3,-34.5,71c-4.7,4.7,-12.3,7,-23,7s-12,-1,-12,-1
|
||
s-109,-253,-109,-253c-72.7,-168,-109.3,-252,-110,-252c-10.7,8,-22,16.7,-34,26
|
||
c-22,17.3,-33.3,26,-34,26s-26,-26,-26,-26s76,-59,76,-59s76,-60,76,-60z
|
||
M1001 80h400000v40h-400000z`})])])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.2561em"}},[s("span")])])])]),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mrel"},"="),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"1.24em","vertical-align":"-0.2561em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord sqrt"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.9839em"}},[s("span",{class:"svg-align",style:{top:"-3.2em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3.2em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord",style:{"padding-left":"1em"}},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.05556em"}},"γ"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"p"),s("span",{class:"mord"},"/"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"ρ")])]),s("span",{style:{top:"-2.9439em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3.2em"}}),s("span",{class:"hide-tail",style:{"min-width":"1.02em",height:"1.28em"}},[s("svg",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg",width:"400em",height:"1.28em",viewBox:"0 0 400000 1296",preserveAspectRatio:"xMinYMin slice"},[s("path",{d:`M263,681c0.7,0,18,39.7,52,119
|
||
c34,79.3,68.167,158.7,102.5,238c34.3,79.3,51.8,119.3,52.5,120
|
||
c340,-704.7,510.7,-1060.3,512,-1067
|
||
l0 -0
|
||
c4.7,-7.3,11,-11,19,-11
|
||
H40000v40H1012.3
|
||
s-271.3,567,-271.3,567c-38.7,80.7,-84,175,-136,283c-52,108,-89.167,185.3,-111.5,232
|
||
c-22.3,46.7,-33.8,70.3,-34.5,71c-4.7,4.7,-12.3,7,-23,7s-12,-1,-12,-1
|
||
s-109,-253,-109,-253c-72.7,-168,-109.3,-252,-110,-252c-10.7,8,-22,16.7,-34,26
|
||
c-22,17.3,-33.3,26,-34,26s-26,-26,-26,-26s76,-59,76,-59s76,-60,76,-60z
|
||
M1001 80h400000v40h-400000z`})])])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.2561em"}},[s("span")])])])]),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mrel"},"="),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"1.84em","vertical-align":"-0.4611em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord sqrt"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"1.3789em"}},[s("span",{class:"svg-align",style:{top:"-3.8em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3.8em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord",style:{"padding-left":"1em"}},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.05556em"}},"γ"),s("span",{class:"mord overline"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.9401em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-3em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.03588em"}},"v"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.7401em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.989em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},"2")])])])])])])])])]),s("span",{style:{top:"-3.8601em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3em"}}),s("span",{class:"overline-line",style:{"border-bottom-width":"0.04em"}})])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mord"},"/3")])]),s("span",{style:{top:"-3.3389em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3.8em"}}),s("span",{class:"hide-tail",style:{"min-width":"1.02em",height:"1.88em"}},[s("svg",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg",width:"400em",height:"1.88em",viewBox:"0 0 400000 1944",preserveAspectRatio:"xMinYMin slice"},[s("path",{d:`M983 90
|
||
l0 -0
|
||
c4,-6.7,10,-10,18,-10 H400000v40
|
||
H1013.1s-83.4,268,-264.1,840c-180.7,572,-277,876.3,-289,913c-4.7,4.7,-12.7,7,-24,7
|
||
s-12,0,-12,0c-1.3,-3.3,-3.7,-11.7,-7,-25c-35.3,-125.3,-106.7,-373.3,-214,-744
|
||
c-10,12,-21,25,-33,39s-32,39,-32,39c-6,-5.3,-15,-14,-27,-26s25,-30,25,-30
|
||
c26.7,-32.7,52,-63,76,-91s52,-60,52,-60s208,722,208,722
|
||
c56,-175.3,126.3,-397.3,211,-666c84.7,-268.7,153.8,-488.2,207.5,-658.5
|
||
c53.7,-170.3,84.5,-266.8,92.5,-289.5z
|
||
M1001 80h400000v40h-400000z`})])])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.4611em"}},[s("span")])])])])])])])])])])],-1),f=s("h3",{id:"_5-8-弾性体中の音速",tabindex:"-1"},[a("5.8: 弾性体中の音速 "),s("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#_5-8-弾性体中の音速","aria-label":'Permalink to "5.8: 弾性体中の音速"'},"")],-1),j=s("ol",{start:"8"},[s("li",null,[a("弾性体中の音速は "),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"c"),s("mi",null,"s")]),s("mo",null,"="),s("msqrt",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"E"),s("mi",{mathvariant:"normal"},"/"),s("mi",null,"ρ")])])]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"c_s=\\sqrt{E / \\rho}")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.5806em","vertical-align":"-0.15em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"c"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.1514em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"0em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"s")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.15em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mrel"},"="),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"1.24em","vertical-align":"-0.305em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord sqrt"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.935em"}},[s("span",{class:"svg-align",style:{top:"-3.2em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3.2em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord",style:{"padding-left":"1em"}},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.05764em"}},"E"),s("span",{class:"mord"},"/"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"ρ")])]),s("span",{style:{top:"-2.895em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3.2em"}}),s("span",{class:"hide-tail",style:{"min-width":"1.02em",height:"1.28em"}},[s("svg",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg",width:"400em",height:"1.28em",viewBox:"0 0 400000 1296",preserveAspectRatio:"xMinYMin slice"},[s("path",{d:`M263,681c0.7,0,18,39.7,52,119
|
||
c34,79.3,68.167,158.7,102.5,238c34.3,79.3,51.8,119.3,52.5,120
|
||
c340,-704.7,510.7,-1060.3,512,-1067
|
||
l0 -0
|
||
c4.7,-7.3,11,-11,19,-11
|
||
H40000v40H1012.3
|
||
s-271.3,567,-271.3,567c-38.7,80.7,-84,175,-136,283c-52,108,-89.167,185.3,-111.5,232
|
||
c-22.3,46.7,-33.8,70.3,-34.5,71c-4.7,4.7,-12.3,7,-23,7s-12,-1,-12,-1
|
||
s-109,-253,-109,-253c-72.7,-168,-109.3,-252,-110,-252c-10.7,8,-22,16.7,-34,26
|
||
c-22,17.3,-33.3,26,-34,26s-26,-26,-26,-26s76,-59,76,-59s76,-60,76,-60z
|
||
M1001 80h400000v40h-400000z`})])])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.305em"}},[s("span")])])])])])])]),a(".")])],-1),L=s("h3",{id:"_5-9-浅水波",tabindex:"-1"},[a("5.9: 浅水波 "),s("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#_5-9-浅水波","aria-label":'Permalink to "5.9: 浅水波"'},"")],-1),q=s("ol",{start:"9"},[s("li",null,[a("浅水波 "),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("mo",{stretchy:"false"},"("),s("mi",null,"h"),s("mo",null,"≪"),s("mi",null,"λ"),s("mo",{stretchy:"false"},")")]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"(h \\ll \\lambda)")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"1em","vertical-align":"-0.25em"}}),s("span",{class:"mopen"},"("),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"h"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mrel"},"≪"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"1em","vertical-align":"-0.25em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"λ"),s("span",{class:"mclose"},")")])])]),a(" の速さ: "),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"v"),s("mo",null,"="),s("msqrt",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"g"),s("mi",null,"h")])])]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"v=\\sqrt{g h}")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.4306em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.03588em"}},"v"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mrel"},"="),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"1.04em","vertical-align":"-0.205em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord sqrt"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.835em"}},[s("span",{class:"svg-align",style:{top:"-3em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord",style:{"padding-left":"0.833em"}},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.03588em"}},"g"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"h")])]),s("span",{style:{top:"-2.795em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3em"}}),s("span",{class:"hide-tail",style:{"min-width":"0.853em",height:"1.08em"}},[s("svg",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg",width:"400em",height:"1.08em",viewBox:"0 0 400000 1080",preserveAspectRatio:"xMinYMin slice"},[s("path",{d:`M95,702
|
||
c-2.7,0,-7.17,-2.7,-13.5,-8c-5.8,-5.3,-9.5,-10,-9.5,-14
|
||
c0,-2,0.3,-3.3,1,-4c1.3,-2.7,23.83,-20.7,67.5,-54
|
||
c44.2,-33.3,65.8,-50.3,66.5,-51c1.3,-1.3,3,-2,5,-2c4.7,0,8.7,3.3,12,10
|
||
s173,378,173,378c0.7,0,35.3,-71,104,-213c68.7,-142,137.5,-285,206.5,-429
|
||
c69,-144,104.5,-217.7,106.5,-221
|
||
l0 -0
|
||
c5.3,-9.3,12,-14,20,-14
|
||
H400000v40H845.2724
|
||
s-225.272,467,-225.272,467s-235,486,-235,486c-2.7,4.7,-9,7,-19,7
|
||
c-6,0,-10,-1,-12,-3s-194,-422,-194,-422s-65,47,-65,47z
|
||
M834 80h400000v40h-400000z`})])])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.205em"}},[s("span")])])])])])])]),a(". 弦の場合： "),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"v"),s("mo",null,"="),s("msqrt",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"T"),s("mi",{mathvariant:"normal"},"/"),s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"ρ"),s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"l"),s("mi",null,"i"),s("mi",null,"n")])])])])]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"v=\\sqrt{T / \\rho_{l i n}}")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.4306em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.03588em"}},"v"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mrel"},"="),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"1.24em","vertical-align":"-0.305em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord sqrt"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.935em"}},[s("span",{class:"svg-align",style:{top:"-3.2em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3.2em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord",style:{"padding-left":"1em"}},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.13889em"}},"T"),s("span",{class:"mord"},"/"),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"ρ"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3361em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"0em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight",style:{"margin-right":"0.01968em"}},"l"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"in")])])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.15em"}},[s("span")])])])])])])]),s("span",{style:{top:"-2.895em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3.2em"}}),s("span",{class:"hide-tail",style:{"min-width":"1.02em",height:"1.28em"}},[s("svg",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg",width:"400em",height:"1.28em",viewBox:"0 0 400000 1296",preserveAspectRatio:"xMinYMin slice"},[s("path",{d:`M263,681c0.7,0,18,39.7,52,119
|
||
c34,79.3,68.167,158.7,102.5,238c34.3,79.3,51.8,119.3,52.5,120
|
||
c340,-704.7,510.7,-1060.3,512,-1067
|
||
l0 -0
|
||
c4.7,-7.3,11,-11,19,-11
|
||
H40000v40H1012.3
|
||
s-271.3,567,-271.3,567c-38.7,80.7,-84,175,-136,283c-52,108,-89.167,185.3,-111.5,232
|
||
c-22.3,46.7,-33.8,70.3,-34.5,71c-4.7,4.7,-12.3,7,-23,7s-12,-1,-12,-1
|
||
s-109,-253,-109,-253c-72.7,-168,-109.3,-252,-110,-252c-10.7,8,-22,16.7,-34,26
|
||
c-22,17.3,-33.3,26,-34,26s-26,-26,-26,-26s76,-59,76,-59s76,-60,76,-60z
|
||
M1001 80h400000v40h-400000z`})])])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.305em"}},[s("span")])])])])])])]),a(".")])],-1),P=s("h3",{id:"_5-10-doppler-効果",tabindex:"-1"},[a("5.10: Doppler 効果 "),s("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#_5-10-doppler-効果","aria-label":'Permalink to "5.10: Doppler 効果"'},"")],-1),H=s("ol",{start:"10"},[s("li",null,[a("Doppler 効果 : "),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("mi",null,"ν"),s("mo",null,"="),s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"ν"),s("mn",null,"0")]),s("mfrac",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("mn",null,"1"),s("mo",null,"+"),s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"v"),s("mi",{mathvariant:"normal"},"∥")]),s("mi",{mathvariant:"normal"},"/"),s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"c"),s("mi",null,"s")])]),s("mrow",null,[s("mn",null,"1"),s("mo",null,"−"),s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"u"),s("mi",{mathvariant:"normal"},"∥")]),s("mi",{mathvariant:"normal"},"/"),s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"c"),s("mi",null,"s")])])])]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"\\nu=\\nu_0 \\frac{1+v_{\\|} / c_s}{1-u_{\\|} / c_s}")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.4306em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.06366em"}},"ν"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mrel"},"="),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"1.6973em","vertical-align":"-0.6036em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal",style:{"margin-right":"0.06366em"}},"ν"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3011em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"-0.0637em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},"0")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.15em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mopen nulldelimiter"}),s("span",{class:"mfrac"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"1.0936em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.655em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},"1"),s("span",{class:"mbin mtight"},"−"),s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"u"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3448em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.3448em","margin-left":"0em","margin-right":"0.0714em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.5357em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},"∥")])])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3695em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},"/"),s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"c"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.1645em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.357em","margin-left":"0em","margin-right":"0.0714em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.5em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"s")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.143em"}},[s("span")])])])])])])])]),s("span",{style:{top:"-3.23em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3em"}}),s("span",{class:"frac-line",style:{"border-bottom-width":"0.04em"}})]),s("span",{style:{top:"-3.5686em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"3em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},"1"),s("span",{class:"mbin mtight"},"+"),s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight",style:{"margin-right":"0.03588em"}},"v"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3448em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.3448em","margin-left":"-0.0359em","margin-right":"0.0714em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.5357em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},"∥")])])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.3695em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},"/"),s("span",{class:"mord mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"c"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.1645em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.357em","margin-left":"0em","margin-right":"0.0714em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.5em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"s")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.143em"}},[s("span")])])])])])])])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.6036em"}},[s("span")])])])]),s("span",{class:"mclose nulldelimiter"})])])])]),a(".")])],-1),N=s("h3",{id:"_5-11-huygens-の原理",tabindex:"-1"},[a("5.11: Huygens の原理 "),s("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#_5-11-huygens-の原理","aria-label":'Permalink to "5.11: Huygens の原理"'},"")],-1),B=s("ol",{start:"11"},[s("li",null,[a("Huygens の原理 : 波面は段階的に構成される. 過去 の波面のすべての点に仮想的な波源を置く. 結果は距 離 "),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("mi",{mathvariant:"normal"},"Δ"),s("mi",null,"x"),s("mo",null,"="),s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"c"),s("mi",null,"s")]),s("mi",{mathvariant:"normal"},"Δ"),s("mi",null,"t")]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"\\Delta x=c_s \\Delta t")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.6833em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},"Δ"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"x"),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}}),s("span",{class:"mrel"},"="),s("span",{class:"mspace",style:{"margin-right":"0.2778em"}})]),s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.8333em","vertical-align":"-0.15em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"c"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.1514em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"0em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"s")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.15em"}},[s("span")])])])])]),s("span",{class:"mord"},"Δ"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"t")])])]),a(" で区切られた曲線（ここで "),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("mi",{mathvariant:"normal"},"Δ"),s("mi",null,"t")]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"\\Delta t")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.6833em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},"Δ"),s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"t")])])]),a(" は時間 間隔， "),s("span",{class:"katex"},[s("span",{class:"katex-mathml"},[s("math",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"},[s("semantics",null,[s("mrow",null,[s("msub",null,[s("mi",null,"c"),s("mi",null,"s")])]),s("annotation",{encoding:"application/x-tex"},"c_s")])])]),s("span",{class:"katex-html","aria-hidden":"true"},[s("span",{class:"base"},[s("span",{class:"strut",style:{height:"0.5806em","vertical-align":"-0.15em"}}),s("span",{class:"mord"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal"},"c"),s("span",{class:"msupsub"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-t vlist-t2"},[s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.1514em"}},[s("span",{style:{top:"-2.55em","margin-left":"0em","margin-right":"0.05em"}},[s("span",{class:"pstrut",style:{height:"2.7em"}}),s("span",{class:"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"},[s("span",{class:"mord mathnormal mtight"},"s")])])]),s("span",{class:"vlist-s"},"")]),s("span",{class:"vlist-r"},[s("span",{class:"vlist",style:{height:"0.15em"}},[s("span")])])])])])])])]),a(" は与えられた点の速度). 波は波面に垂直に 進む.")])],-1);function R(A,D,U,Y,S,X){const l=t;return m(),e("div",null,[c,i(l,{readTime:"2",words:"525"}),r,h,g,o,u,d,y,v,x,w,b,z,k,_,M,f,j,L,q,P,H,N,B])}const O=n(p,[["render",R]]);export{I as __pageData,O as default};
|